ii
Copyright © 2016 by The American Society for Nondestructive Testing Inc.
The American Society for Nondestructive Testing Inc. (ASNT) is not responsible for the authenticity or accuracy of information
herein. Published opinions and statements do not necessarily reflect the opinion of ASNT. Products or services that are advertised
or mentioned do not carry the endorsement or recommendation of ASNT.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form, by means electronic or mechanical including pho-
tocopying, recording or otherwise, without the expressed prior written permission of The American Society for Nondestructive
Testing Inc.
IRRSP, NDT Handbook, The NDT Technician, and asnt.org are trademarks of The American Society for Nondestructive Testing
Inc. ACCP, ASNT, Level III Study Guide, Materials Evaluation, Nondestructive Testing Handbook, Research in Nondestructive
Evaluation, and RNDE are registered trademarks of The American Society for Nondestructive Testing Inc.
A complete catalog of titles is available on the ASNT website at source.asnt.org.
Second Edition
first printing 04/16
second printing 03/19
third printing 04/25
Errata, if available for this printing, may be obtained from the product page on ASNT’s website, source.asnt.org. Errata for out-
of-print books may be obtained from ASNT by contacting ASNT Customer Support. Ebooks contain all corrections and updates,
including the latest errata.
ISBN: 978-1-57117-378-2
Printed in the United States of America
Published by:
The American Society for Nondestructive Testing Inc.
1201 Dublin Rd., Suite G4
Columbus, OH 43215
asnt.org
Edited by: Bob Conklin, Educational Materials Editor
Assisted by: Cynthia M. Leeman, Educational Materials Supervisor
Jill Ross, Director of Publications
ASNT Mission Statement:
ASNT’s mission is to advance the field of nondestructive testing.
ASNT Code of Ethics:
The ASNT Code of Ethics was developed to provide members of the Society with broad ethical statements to guide their pro-
fessional lives. In spirit and in word, each ASNT member is responsible for knowing and adhering to the values and standards set
forth in the Society’s Code. More information, as well as the complete version of the Code of Ethics, can be found on ASNT’s
website, asnt.org.
Copyright © 2016 by The American Society for Nondestructive Testing Inc.
The American Society for Nondestructive Testing Inc. (ASNT) is not responsible for the authenticity or accuracy of information
herein. Published opinions and statements do not necessarily reflect the opinion of ASNT. Products or services that are advertised
or mentioned do not carry the endorsement or recommendation of ASNT.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form, by means electronic or mechanical including pho-
tocopying, recording or otherwise, without the expressed prior written permission of The American Society for Nondestructive
Testing Inc.
IRRSP, NDT Handbook, The NDT Technician, and asnt.org are trademarks of The American Society for Nondestructive Testing
Inc. ACCP, ASNT, Level III Study Guide, Materials Evaluation, Nondestructive Testing Handbook, Research in Nondestructive
Evaluation, and RNDE are registered trademarks of The American Society for Nondestructive Testing Inc.
A complete catalog of titles is available on the ASNT website at source.asnt.org.
Second Edition
first printing 04/16
second printing 03/19
third printing 04/25
Errata, if available for this printing, may be obtained from the product page on ASNT’s website, source.asnt.org. Errata for out-
of-print books may be obtained from ASNT by contacting ASNT Customer Support. Ebooks contain all corrections and updates,
including the latest errata.
ISBN: 978-1-57117-378-2
Printed in the United States of America
Published by:
The American Society for Nondestructive Testing Inc.
1201 Dublin Rd., Suite G4
Columbus, OH 43215
asnt.org
Edited by: Bob Conklin, Educational Materials Editor
Assisted by: Cynthia M. Leeman, Educational Materials Supervisor
Jill Ross, Director of Publications
ASNT Mission Statement:
ASNT’s mission is to advance the field of nondestructive testing.
ASNT Code of Ethics:
The ASNT Code of Ethics was developed to provide members of the Society with broad ethical statements to guide their pro-
fessional lives. In spirit and in word, each ASNT member is responsible for knowing and adhering to the values and standards set
forth in the Society’s Code. More information, as well as the complete version of the Code of Ethics, can be found on ASNT’s
website, asnt.org.