Written. Written exams are used to
assess a candidate’s understanding of the
subject matter contained in the appro-
priate syllabus or outlined requirements.
SNT-TC-1A and CP-189 both refer to the
training outlines in CP-105 for theory. The
topics of the questions contained in the
general examination are found there. The
number of general questions ranges from
30 (minimum) to typically 50 on the basic
principles and theory applicable to the
VT method. The number of specific ques-
tions is determined by the codes, specifi-
cations, and procedures applicable to the
inspections mandated by customer speci-
fications, which the inspector must adhere
to during their work for the employer.
Practical. A demonstration of practical
proficiency is called the practical exam.
The primary requirement is to follow a
10-point checklist, though specific details
of the checklist are not explicitly provided.
Table 5 shows a typical example of
a practical exam’s 10-point checklist.
Each item on the list carries a value of
10 points. A minimum score of 70% is
required to pass.
When each of the 10 checklist points
carries equal weight at 10 points each,
failing the practical exam becomes
unlikely. Generally, with this scoring
system, most candidates score 90% or
higher, resulting in a pass.
An alternate is a checklist like shown
in Table 6. In this scenario, mandatory
elements must be successfully com-
pleted with a score of 80% or higher,
otherwise the entire practical exam is
considered failed. Performance, evalu-
ation, and disposition should be man-
datory checklist items where a pass
or fail decision is required. The points
assigned to other listed items can be
discretionary.
The technique and order of conduct-
ing a practical proficiency demonstration
T A B L E 5
Typical practical exam checklist
example
Observation
item Unsatisfactory Satisfactory
1. Surface
condition
2. Procedure
compliance
3. Equipment
usage
4. Adequate
coverage
5. Attribute
identification
6.
Discontinuity/
attribute
evaluation
7. Disposition
and evaluate
discontinuity/
attributes
8. Report/
document
results
9. Comply
with safety
cautions
10. Health
T A B L E 6
Proposed example of 10-point checklist for VT practical exam Level II (VT or RVI)
Categories Point weight
1. Procedure selection 3
2. Surface preparation/cleanliness 2
3. Method application—satisfactory technique 10
4. Equipment and material selection 10 (min 8 pts req’d)
Equipment
Material (cleaning pre and post)
5. Adequate area of interest coverage 10
6. Interpretation of indications and disposition 40 (min 32 pts req’d)
Complete coverage for interpretation
Determination of relevance
Appropriate application of acceptance criteria
Appropriate disposition of part, component, or system (min 80% accurate)
7. Standard practice codes or procedure usage 10
Familiarity
Compliance
8. Records 10
Completeness
Appropriate data entry
Control of records
Compliance with routing requirements
9. Health factors 3
Site procedures familiarity
Adherence
Compliance
10. Safety factors 2
Volatile liquids
Electrical hazards
Light and infrared radiation
80% min required total and for Sections 4 and 6 as noted 100 pts possible
J U L Y 2 0 2 4 M A T E R I A L S E V A L U A T I O N 59
only require a test piece and a 10-point
checklist. However, the scoring protocol
or the value assigned to each point is not
specified. It is up to the method Level III
and the employer’s written practice to
provide such details.
Conclusion
Visual inspection has come a long way
from a few decades ago. Recent devel-
opments have brought us to new fron-
tiers. Given this, the industry now has
an opportunity to standardize the key
elements of qualifying DVT and RVI
NDT personnel.
Additional ISS can address written
and practical exams as needed, in
addition to minimum core knowl-
edge and skills common to all DVT/
RVI inspectors. The same goes for the
training curriculum. There can—and
should—be a core of knowledge and
skills common to all VT inspectors/
examiners. Each industry can produce
Industry Segment Qualifications (ISQ)
with subtechniques delineated.
Further discussion is necessary to
cover the specific visual examination
requirements outlined in various codes,
standards, and specifications. Visual
examination techniques and equipment
vary in VT, DVT, and RVI. Industry-
specific qualifications are required to
tailor the education, training, and expe-
rience necessary for certification in this
distinct field.
REFERENCES
ANSI/ASNT CP-105: ASNT Standard Topical
Outlines for Qualification of Nondestructive
Testing Personnel. American Society for Nonde-
structive Testing.
ANSI/ASNT CP-189: ASNT Standard for Qualifi-
cation and Certification of Nondestructive Testing
Personnel. American Society for Nondestructive
Testing.
ANSI/ASNT CP-9712: Nondestructive Testing for
Qualification and Certification of NDT Personnel
(2023), Identical Adoption of ISO 9712:2021(e).
American Society for Nondestructive Testing.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V:
Nondestructive Examination, Article 9, Visual
Examination. American Society of Mechanical
Engineers.
ASNT Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A:
Personnel Qualification and Certification in
Nondestructive Testing. American Society for
Nondestructive Testing.
AWS D1.1: Structural Welding Code Steel.
American Welding Society.
ISO 9712: Nondestructive Testing Qualification
and Certification of NDT Personnel. Interna-
tional Organization for Standardization.
AUTHOR
Mike Allgaier is a professional training execu-
tive and instructor best known for his ethical,
energetic, and committed efforts to develop
NDT personnel. His ASNT honors include
ASNT Fellow, Mentoring Award, and Tutorial
Citation Awards. He is currently chair of the VT
Committee in ASNT’s Technical &Education
Council and can be reached at mwallgaier@
outlook.com.
CITATION
Materials Evaluation 82 (7): 56–60
https://doi.org/10.32548/2024.me-04446
©2024 American Society for Nondestructive
Testing
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